{"id":3645,"date":"2012-02-27T08:18:21","date_gmt":"2012-02-27T07:18:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/format30.com\/?p=3645"},"modified":"2023-04-26T19:41:10","modified_gmt":"2023-04-26T18:41:10","slug":"couleurs-et-images-en-mindmapping-la-puissance-de-la-synesthesie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/format30.com\/fr_fr\/2012\/02\/27\/couleurs-et-images-en-mindmapping-la-puissance-de-la-synesthesie\/","title":{"rendered":"Couleurs et images en mindmapping : la puissance de la synesth\u00e9sie"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pourquoi utiliser des couleurs et des images en mindmapping ? \u00a0Juste pour faire joli ? \u00a0Pour attirer le regard ? \u00a0En r\u00e9alit\u00e9, cet usage des couleurs et des images fait appel \u00e0 une des facult\u00e9s les plus puissantes du cerveau humain : l’association. \u00a0Et surtout, la synesth\u00e9sie, c’est-\u00e0-dire l’association de plusieurs perceptions sensorielles diff\u00e9rentes. \u00a0Explications.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Passionn\u00e9 d’outils visuels en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral et de mindmapping en particulier, je surfe sans fin \u00e0 la recherche de nouvelles cartes, de nouveaux exemples, de sources d’inspiration renouvel\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

Et souvent, je \u00ab\u00a0tr\u00e9buche\u00a0\u00bb sur des cartes sans relief, sans couleur, sans image. \u00a0Parfois m\u00eame, ces images ternes font l’objet de revendications, d’affirmations du genre : \u00ab\u00a0je ne veux pas des conneries hippies \u00e0 la Tony Buzan !\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n

\"Mindmap<\/a>
Avant la mise en forme XMind<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Or, si l’aspect \u00ab\u00a0starisation<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb du personnage Tony Buzan me para\u00eet aussi excessive qu’\u00e0 la plupart des lecteurs francophones, il faut quand m\u00eame rendre justice \u00e0 celui qui a invent\u00e9 le concept de \u00ab\u00a0mindmapping<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0.<\/p>\n

Une technique h\u00e9rit\u00e9e de la Gr\u00e8ce antique<\/span><\/h2>\n

Tony Buzan a raison. \u00a0L’utilisation de plusieurs canaux sensoriels en m\u00eame temps afin de renforcer la compr\u00e9hension et la m\u00e9morisation est utilis\u00e9e depuis plus de 2.000 ans. \u00a0 Elle fait m\u00eame partie du fonctionnement de base de notre m\u00e9moire.<\/p>\n

Dans son livre \u00ab\u00a0Aventures au coeur de la m\u00e9moire<\/strong><\/em>\u00ab\u00a0, Joshua Foer nous raconte comment les participants au championnat du monde de la m\u00e9moire arrivent \u00e0 m\u00e9moriser des quantit\u00e9s d’informations par de simples associations : association d’une image bizarre, grotesque avec un mot ou un nombre. \u00a0Plac\u00e9 dans un endroit particulier, bien connu du champion, selon la technique mill\u00e9naire du \u00ab\u00a0Palais de m\u00e9moire<\/em><\/strong>\u00ab\u00a0.<\/p>\n

Ca \u00a0ne vous rappelle rien ? \u00a0Regardez la carte ci-dessus : les diff\u00e9rents mots-cl\u00e9s sont plac\u00e9s selon une disposition spatiale particuli\u00e8re. \u00a0Cela refl\u00e8te bien la structure des trois types d’attention : s\u00e9lective, ex\u00e9cutive et soutenue (j’y reviendrai dans un autre billet). \u00a0C’est d\u00e9j\u00e0 une utilisation de l’espace qui rappelle le principe des palais de m\u00e9moire : chaque mot se trouve \u00e0 un endroit pr\u00e9cis de la carte.<\/p>\n

Les trois branches dans trois zones diff\u00e9rentes et la hi\u00e9rarchisation des mots-cl\u00e9s selon leur distance relative par rapport \u00e0 l’id\u00e9e centrale\u00a0facilitent d\u00e9j\u00e0 la compr\u00e9hension. \u00a0Et donc, \u00e0 la m\u00e9morisation, car on retient mieux ce que l’on comprend.<\/p>\n

Les branches forment des \u00ab\u00a0liens\u00a0\u00bb entre les mots : c’est une autre fa\u00e7on de comprendre et de m\u00e9moriser les concepts.<\/p>\n

L’apport du cerveau droit et de la synesth\u00e9sie<\/span><\/h2>\n

Regardez maintenant la carte ci-dessous. \u00a0C’est la m\u00eame. \u00a0Mais j’y ai appliqu\u00e9 les principes \u00e9nonc\u00e9s par \u00a0Tony Buzan. \u00a0A l’utilisation de branches et de mots-cl\u00e9s, j’ai ajout\u00e9 celle des couleurs, des images et d’un lien suppl\u00e9mentaire sous forme de fl\u00e8che. (Cliquez sur la carte pour la visionner et la t\u00e9l\u00e9charger depuis le groupe \u00ab\u00a0Mindmaps francophones<\/a>\u00a0\u00bb sur Biggerplate<\/em>).<\/p>\n

\"Mindmap<\/a>
Apr\u00e8s la mise en forme XMind<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la couleur, la distinction entre les concept est plus ais\u00e9e : en rouge, tout ce qui se rapporte \u00e0 l’attention s\u00e9lective. \u00a0En bleu, tout ce qui concerne l’attention ex\u00e9cutive et en vert tout ce qui est relatif \u00e0 l’attention soutenue.<\/p>\n

La fl\u00e8che en bleu fonc\u00e9 \u00e0 la droite montre clairement le lien suppl\u00e9mentaire entre certains processus mentaux de l’attention ex\u00e9cutive associ\u00e9s \u00e0 la s\u00e9lection des informations sensorielles. \u00a0Dans certains cas, nos processus mentaux sont directement li\u00e9s \u00e0 ce que nous percevons du monde autour de nous. \u00a0Dans d’autres non : si nous r\u00eavons de vacances \u00e0 la plage pendant le cours de math\u00e9matiques, ce processus mental ne d\u00e9pend en rien de la voix du professeurs qui aborde les \u00e9quations \u00e0 deux inconnues du premier degr\u00e9…<\/p>\n

Enfin, les images viennent renforcer la compr\u00e9hension. \u00a0 Et la m\u00e9morisation. \u00a0Si vous r\u00e9activez votre carte – en la relisant, en la recr\u00e9ant, en suivant les branches avec vos doigts, en r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissant \u00e0 la signification de chaque mot-cl\u00e9 et \u00e0 son association, vous aurez plus de chances d’en m\u00e9moriser le contenu \u00e0 long terme.<\/p>\n

Solliciter diff\u00e9rentes zones du cerveau<\/span><\/h2>\n

Aussi bien les champions de la m\u00e9moire – les actuels comme ceux de l’Antiquit\u00e9 – que les neurosciences nous montrent qu’il vaut mieux solliciter plusieurs canaux sensoriels<\/a> afin de comprendre et de m\u00e9moriser.<\/p>\n

Lorsque nous associons couleurs, images, mots-cl\u00e9 et positions dans l’espace, nous sollicitons des types de neurones diff\u00e9rents, \u00e9tablis dans des zones diff\u00e9rentes de notre cerveau. \u00a0De ce fait, nous cr\u00e9ons de nouveaux liens entre ces diff\u00e9rents neurones. \u00a0Cela renforce notre m\u00e9morisation. \u00a0Nous nous approprions mieux et pour plus lontemps une exp\u00e9rience qui a sollicit\u00e9 plusieurs sens.<\/p>\n

Les images \u00ab\u00a0hippies<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb de Tony Buzan remplissent la m\u00eame fonction : plus elles sont grotesques, plus nous avons de chances de les retenir. \u00a0Car nous ne nous souvenons bien que de ce qui ressort du flux quotidien de nos exp\u00e9riences.<\/p>\n

Un exemple ? \u00a0Entre 1905 et 2012, il a gel\u00e9 suffisamment 15 fois pour organiser la plus c\u00e9l\u00e8bre course en patins \u00e0 glace hollandaise : la Elfstedentocht. \u00a0 Mais tous les N\u00e9erlandais de plus de 65 ans vous diront qu’\u00e0 leur \u00e9poque, les hivers \u00e9taient tr\u00e8s rigoureux, il neigeait et gelait en permanence. \u00a0Oui. \u00a015 fois en 107 ans ! \u00a0Mais ce sont ces 15 fois-l\u00e0 que les vieux ont retenues. \u00a0Pas les 92 autres hivers sans gel profond…<\/p>\n

Faites en sorte que vos mindmaps soient aussi m\u00e9morables que des hivers rigoureux ou des \u00e9t\u00e9s torrides : mettez-y de la couleur et des images !<\/p>\n

Vous avez aim\u00e9 cet article ?\u00a0 Inscrivez-vous \u00e0 ma newsletter<\/span><\/a><\/span> et ne ratez plus aucun article ou \u00e9v\u00e9n\u00e9ment !<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pourquoi utiliser de la couleur et des images dans les cartes mentales ? Pour faire joli ? Pour attirer le regard ? Non : pour solliciter diff\u00e9rentes zones du cerveau et donc mieux comprendre. Et mieux m\u00e9moriser. Une utilisation de la synesth\u00e9sie d\u00e9j\u00e0 connue des Grecs anciens. Mais que nous red\u00e9couvrons avec l’usage du mindmapping.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7601135,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"{title}\n\n{excerpt}\n\n{url}","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wpas_customize_per_network":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12205887,38441730,31876812,11886,34502625],"tags":[18822,10904,190882807,16873985,110035352,127005,160125639,5505528,270319,91071,40471,116545,14093,686,7961,21679860,26192,67074,138200042,179880,235313,114245,756001,30605,92156,92879,80705781,27322,250316,25716,9273747,816181,190882813,149610,3209179],"class_list":["post-3645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-apprendre-a-apprendre","category-connaissance-2","category-mind-mapping-outils","category-outils","category-pedagogie-2","tag-association","tag-attention","tag-attention-executive","tag-attention-selective","tag-attention-soutenue","tag-branches","tag-cartes-cognitives","tag-cartes-mentales","tag-cerveau","tag-comprehension","tag-concepts","tag-couleurs","tag-idee","tag-image","tag-informations","tag-joshua-foer","tag-liens","tag-lieux","tag-logiciel-mindmapping","tag-memoire","tag-memorisation","tag-mindmap","tag-mise-en-forme","tag-mots-cles","tag-neurones","tag-neurosciences","tag-palais-de-memoire","tag-perceptions","tag-position","tag-structure","tag-synesthesie","tag-tony-buzan","tag-types-dattention","tag-utilisation","tag-xmind"],"yoast_head":"\nCouleurs et images en mindmapping : la puissance de la synesth\u00e9sie - Formation 3.0<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/format30.com\/fr_fr\/2012\/02\/27\/couleurs-et-images-en-mindmapping-la-puissance-de-la-synesthesie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Couleurs et images en mindmapping : la puissance de la synesth\u00e9sie - Formation 3.0\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Pourquoi utiliser de la couleur et des images dans les cartes mentales ? 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